|
Getting your Trinity Audio player ready...
|
The short-term outlook of the Nigerian economy favours monetary policy easing in order to stimulate credit creation and economic growth, according to a report from Lagos-based financing house FSDH Merchant bank.
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has scheduled the first meeting of the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) in the year 2018 for Tuesday 03 and Wednesday 04 April, 2018.
At its November 2017 meeting, the MPC maintained the MPR at 14 percent, with the asymmetric corridor at +200 and -500 basis points around the MPR; retained the CRR and Liquidity Ratio (LR) at 22.50 percent and 30 percent respectively
“We expect the MPC to signal monetary policy easing when it meets in April 2018,” the bank said.
Furthermore, “the easing may be in the form of an adjustment to the Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) or an adjustment to the Cash Reserve Requirement (CRR),” it added.
Looking at the developments in the international market; the economic outlook in the major advanced countries is strong in the short-term to medium-term, necessitating monetary policy normalisation.
The outlook of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate remains strong; the unemployment rate is low in most regions and should remain low in the short-term, while inflation rate is trending up.
The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) of the United States (U.S) Federal Reserve (The Fed) increased the Federal Funds Rate (Fed Rate) at its March 2018 meeting. The Fed increased the Fed Rate to 1.50 percent – 1.75 percent from 1.25 percent-1.50 percent.
FSDH Research said it expects that the FOMC will increase the Fed Rate to 2.25 percent – 2.50 percent by year end. The increase in the interest rate should lead to increase in the yields on the fixed income securities in the advanced markets, with the attendant possible increase in capital flights from the emerging markets.
Although the GDP growth rate in Nigeria improved further in Q4 2017 at 1.92 percent from 1.40 percent in Q3 2017, the recovery is still very fragile. Thus additional monetary policies are required to stimulate a broad-based growth.
“FSDH Research’s analysis of the growth pattern in 2017 shows that two sectors, Agriculture and, Mining and Quarrying were the major drivers of growth. They were the two sectors out of the six largest sectors of the Nigerian economy that recorded growth in 2017. Other leading sectors which are Trade, Information and Communication, Manufacturing, and Real Estate all contracted. Thus, the need for monetary policy easing”
The increase in the crude oil price and favourable crude oil production in Nigeria have increased capital inflows and also led to favourable trade balance. Consequently, the country’s external reserves (30-Day Moving Average) increased substantially in the last five months, growing to $46.04bn as at 26 March, 2018.
This provides additional short-term stability for the value of the Naira. FSDH Research however recognises the vulnerabilities of the Nigerian economy to the adverse movements in the crude oil prices. Thus the need to stimulate other non-oil sectors to reduce these vulnerabilities
FSDH Research notes that the current strategy of the Debt Management Office (DMO) to reduce the interest expense on the debt of the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) is working.
The latest debt figure show that the interest expense on the local debt have dropped in the last few months.
FSDH Research observed a relative increase in the revenue accrued to the FGN from the Federation Account Allocation Committee (FAAC). These two factors have led to a drop in the ratio of the interest expense to the FGN FAAC revenue which stood at 20% in December 2017. Thus the yields on the fixed income securities in the market have dropped substantially in the last six months.
Although FSDH Research believes the yields on the NTBs may drop further, we are of the view that the yields on the FGN Bonds may move up gradually from the current level as the FGN starts to borrow to fund the 2018 budget. Despite the drop in the yields on fixed income securities in Q4 2017, Nigeria recorded the highest Foreign Portfolio Investments (FPIs) inflows in 2017 during the last quarter. This implies improving confidence on the short-term outlook of the Nigeria economy.
The growth in money supply as at December 2017 was lower than the CBN’s target for the year. The broad money (M2) grew by 2.62 percent, lower than the target of 10.29 percent.
The net domestic credit contracted by 2.95 percent as against the target of 17.93 percent. The net credit to the private sector grew marginally by 1.40 percent, lower than the target of 14.88 percent.
The need to curb high inflation rate and maintain stability in the foreign exchange market were the main reasons for the contractionary monetary policy. FSDH Research believes the inflation rate may drop to single digit mid-year, while the exchange rate should remain stable in the short-term. Therefore, there is a need for monetary policy easing to boost credit creation and stimulate economic growth. Looking at the short-term outlook of the Nigerian economy, FSDH Research believes the MPC should begin monetary policy easing to signal the end of its monetary policy tightening cycle.
MICHEAL ANI
