In the annals of human history, every transformative technology has sparked debates, fears, and eventual acceptance. From the discovery of fire to the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), humanity has constantly grappled with the dual nature of innovation. Is AI a devil, poised to strip people of their jobs and autonomy? Or is it an angel, destined to unlock unprecedented potential for growth and creativity? To answer this, we must revisit history, learn from its lessons, and understand the perspectives shaping this new era.
The fire analogy: A lesson from the past
Long before modern technologies, our ancient ancestors discovered fire. It was revolutionary. Fire illuminated the dark, warmed the cold, and cooked food. It became a symbol of survival and progress. But fire was also dangerous. A single spark could reduce a settlement to ashes. It killed as much as it nurtured.
Over time, humans learnt to control fire. They built hearths, invented fireproof materials, and developed safety protocols. Fire was no longer feared but harnessed. Today, no one questions its necessity despite its risks.
This pattern of discovery, fear, and mastery has repeated itself through centuries. The printing press democratised knowledge but also spread propaganda. Electricity powered the world but posed deadly risks in its early days. Cars revolutionised transport but brought accidents and pollution. Each technology presented its own devils and angels, yet humanity found ways to mitigate the harms while maximising the benefits. AI is no different.
AI in context: Past and present
Artificial intelligence, like fire, is both transformational and controversial. It promises to revolutionise industries, from healthcare to education, yet its critics warn of mass unemployment, ethical dilemmas, and even existential threats. To understand this dichotomy, let us explore the voices of individuals from different walks of life.
The optimist
“AI is a gift,” says a tech enthusiast. “Look at the printing press or electricity. When those technologies emerged, people panicked. They thought books would make people lazy or electricity would kill entire industries. But look where we are today. These innovations created jobs and industries we couldn’t even imagine back then. AI will do the same.
“Yes, some jobs will disappear, but that’s normal. AI will not take your job; it’s the people who do not know how to use AI tools that will lose their jobs. The future belongs to those who adapt.”
For optimists, AI represents an opportunity to leapfrog developmental challenges. They highlight how AI tools can assist farmers with predictive analytics, help teachers personalise learning, and empower entrepreneurs to scale their businesses with fewer resources.
The realist
“I see the potential,” says an educator. “But I also see the gaps. In rural areas, access to basic technology is still a challenge. How can we benefit from AI when many schools lack electricity or internet?”
Realists are cautiously optimistic. They believe AI can transform education by providing digital learning tools and automating administrative tasks. However, they warn that unless there is widespread access to infrastructure and training, AI risks widening the inequality gap.
“We need to ensure that no one is left behind,” they say. “The government and private sector must invest in training and infrastructure. Otherwise, the promise of AI will remain just that—a promise.”
The skeptic
“This AI thing is just a new way for companies to cut costs,” argues a labour advocate. “They’ll replace workers with machines and leave people stranded. What happens to the factory worker or the call centre agent?”
Skeptics’ fears are not un- unfounded. Historically, technological advancements have displaced jobs. The Industrial Revolution rendered many traditional artisans obsolete. Yet, new roles—factory managers, engineers, and machine operators—emerged.
“But will those new jobs be enough?” skeptics ask. “And will they be accessible to the average worker? It’s one thing to create jobs; it’s another to ensure people have the skills to fill them.”
The entrepreneur
“AI is a game-changer for small businesses like mine,” says a business owner. “I use AI to analyse customer preferences, manage inventory, and even write product descriptions. It saves me time and money.”
Entrepreneurs view AI as an equaliser. “Before, only big companies could afford advanced tools. Now, with AI, I can compete on the same level. It’s all about learning how to use these tools effectively.”
They echo the optimists’ sentiment: “AI won’t take your job if you adapt. The jobs of the future will require collaboration between humans and machines. Those who learn to use AI will thrive; those who don’t will struggle.”
As society navigates the complexities of AI, it is crucial to draw from the lessons of history. Every transformative technology—from fire to the internet—has faced resistance and challenges
Managing the Devil
AI, like fire, has its dangers. Privacy breaches, algorithmic bias, and the potential for misuse are legitimate concerns. But history teaches us that these challenges are not insurmountable. Just as we developed fire extinguishers and safety codes, we can create ethical guidelines, robust regulations, and educational programmes to manage AI’s risks.
Governments, businesses, and individuals must work together. Policies should focus on upskilling workers, integrating AI responsibly, and ensuring equitable access. Companies must prioritise transparency and accountability in AI development. And individuals must embrace lifelong learning to stay relevant in an AI-driven world.
The future of work
The fear that AI will eliminate jobs is understandable but overstated. Yes, AI will displace some jobs, but it will also create new ones. Data analysts, AI trainers, and ethics consultants are just a few examples of roles emerging in this new era.
“AI will not take your job,” optimists reiterate. “It’s the people who do not know how to use AI tools that will lose their jobs. If you’re willing to learn, AI can be your ally, not your enemy.”
Conclusion
As society navigates the complexities of AI, it is crucial to draw from the lessons of history. Every transformative technology—from fire to the internet— has faced resistance and challenges. But humanity has always found ways to adapt and thrive. Artificial Intelligence is neither a devil nor an angel. It is a tool, and its impact depends on how we choose to use it. By embracing innovation responsibly and inclusively, we can harness AI’s potential to create a better
future for all.
Olufemi Oluoje, is a seasoned AI consultant and software developer with over 8 years of experience delivering innovative tech solutions to organisations and specializes in helping small businesses harness AI to boost productivity, reduce costs, and drive profitability. Olufemi focuses on creating tailored AI-powered solutions for SMEs and offers training to help teams effectively adopt AI. For inquiries, contact hello@aiforsme.ng, aolu- femi.oluoje@gmail.com.
