Nigeria’s orthodontic gap widens, experts push for more specialists

Nigeria’s healthcare system is facing a growing shortage of orthodontic specialists, leaving many patients without access to timely and affordable care. The concern was brought to the fore as the newly elected President of the Nigerian Association of Orthodontists (NAO), Idia Ize-Iyamu, pledged to confront the challenge head-on during her tenure.

Orthodontics, a branch of dentistry that deals with correcting irregularities of the teeth and jaws, has become an area of rising demand in the country. However, the number of trained orthodontists remains alarmingly low compared to Nigeria’s vast population of more than 200 million people. Experts say this shortage has created long waiting periods, high treatment costs, and a widening gap in access between urban and rural communities.

Ize-Iyamu, a professor of orthodontics and former dean at the University of Benin’s Faculty of Dentistry, said her administration will prioritise the training of more specialists. She stressed that access to quality orthodontic care should not be limited to the elite few who can afford treatment abroad or at expensive private clinics.

“We cannot continue to run a system where less than 200 orthodontists are expected to serve millions of people across the country. This imbalance leaves many Nigerians untreated, especially children, whose conditions worsen with age,” she said while addressing members of the association.

The shortage has far-reaching consequences. Malocclusion (poor alignment of teeth) is not merely a cosmetic issue, experts argue, but one that can affect speech, chewing, oral hygiene, and even self-esteem. In many cases, untreated dental problems in children lead to lifelong complications. Yet, with few orthodontists spread across major cities like Lagos, Abuja, and Port Harcourt, patients in smaller towns and rural communities often have no access at all.

The association says part of the problem lies in limited training opportunities. Orthodontics requires years of specialised postgraduate training, but Nigeria has only a handful of accredited programs. Even then, these programs admit a small number of candidates each year due to resource constraints.

According to the NAO, collaboration with government and universities is crucial to expand training capacity. Prof. Ize-Iyamu has also called on policymakers to invest in dental health infrastructure, provide incentives for young dentists to specialise in orthodontics, and create opportunities for continuous professional development.

Stakeholders note that brain drain is another serious challenge. Many young Nigerian dentists who receive specialised training abroad often remain overseas, where working conditions, pay, and research opportunities are more attractive. This exodus further depletes the pool of local specialists, compounding the crisis.

The situation has also fueled inequality in healthcare. Orthodontic treatment in private clinics can cost anywhere from ₦500,000 to ₦3 million depending on the severity of the case, a price far beyond the reach of average Nigerians. Without a strong public healthcare system to subsidise treatment, orthodontic care is becoming a privilege for the wealthy.

Parents like Mrs. Chinyere Nwosu in Enugu express frustration over the lack of affordable care. “My daughter has badly misaligned teeth. We were told she needs braces, but the cheapest we found was over ₦700,000. It’s heartbreaking because we know it will affect her confidence, but we cannot afford it,” she lamented.

Health experts argue that awareness is also a major barrier. Many Nigerians only seek orthodontic treatment when conditions become severe, often due to ignorance about early intervention. The NAO says public education campaigns will be scaled up to ensure parents know when to bring children for check-ups, ideally between ages seven and nine.

Ize-Iyamu noted that tackling the shortage requires a holistic approach combining training, policy, awareness, and international collaboration. She expressed optimism that with the right partnerships, Nigeria can build a stronger orthodontic workforce.

Her election as NAO president has been described by colleagues as timely, given her experience in both academia and practice. Supporters believe her leadership could mark a turning point for orthodontic care in Nigeria.

“Nigeria has the talent, the passion, and the patient demand. What we need is investment, planning, and commitment. Orthodontic care should not be a luxury it should be a standard part of our healthcare system,” she concluded.