As Nigeria continues its rapid digital transformation, with millions embracing online banking, e-commerce, remote work, and social media, cybersecurity has become a pressing concern. The convenience of the digital world also comes with significant risks, from identity theft to financial fraud, data breaches, and cyberstalking.
Cybercriminals are becoming more sophisticated and more relentless. In recent years, there has been a rise in phishing attacks, social engineering scams, and financial fraud. Whether you are a tech-savvy entrepreneur, a student attending online classes, or someone simply managing their finances through mobile apps, safeguarding your digital footprint is essential.
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Here are seven essential cybersecurity tips tailored for Nigerians navigating the digital age.
Strengthen your passwords
One of the most basic yet crucial steps in protecting your digital life is creating strong passwords. Unfortunately, many users still rely on easy-to-guess combinations such as “password123” or their birthdates. A strong password should be at least 12 characters long and include a combination of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters. Avoid reusing passwords across multiple platforms. If one account is compromised, others become vulnerable. Consider using a trusted password manager to securely store and generate complex passwords.
Always enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)
Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) adds an extra layer of security to your accounts. Even if your password is somehow compromised, 2FA ensures that a second verification step, usually a one-time code, is required. Whenever possible, avoid relying solely on SMS-based 2FA, which can be vulnerable to SIM swap attacks. Instead, opt for authentication apps like Google Authenticator.
Exercise caution when using public Wi-Fi
Free public Wi-Fi can be convenient, especially in cafés, hotels, airports, and malls — but it can also be a breeding ground for cybercriminals. Hackers can intercept data over unsecured networks, gaining access to sensitive information like login credentials or personal files. If you must use public Wi-Fi, avoid logging into sensitive accounts, such as your bank or email, and refrain from conducting any financial transactions.
Be alert to phishing
Phishing remains one of the most common forms of cyberattacks in Nigeria. These schemes often arrive via email, SMS, or even phone calls, pretending to be from your bank, a courier company, or a trusted institution. Be sceptical of unsolicited messages, especially those asking you to “verify” your account or urgently transfer funds. Always verify the source, check the sender’s email address, and never click on suspicious links or attachments. Nigerian banks have repeatedly stated that they will never request personal information or OTPs via phone or email — neither should you share them.
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Keep your devices and software updated
It may seem tedious, but regularly updating your operating system, antivirus software, and apps is vital. Software updates often include security patches that fix vulnerabilities hackers may exploit. Enable automatic updates where possible, especially for your mobile device, web browser, antivirus, and financial apps. A single missed update can leave your system exposed to threats.
Be mindful of what you share on social media
Oversharing online can unwittingly expose you to danger. Fraudsters often scan social media platforms for clues about users’ lives, birthdays, addresses, schools, and workplaces, which can be used in impersonation or identity theft. Review your privacy settings regularly and limit the personal information you share. Avoid posting real-time locations, vacation plans, or even photos of bank cards or personal documents, which some users still do out of excitement or ignorance.
Download only from trusted sources
In Nigeria, it is not uncommon to receive a “cracked” version of an app or APK file via WhatsApp, Telegram, or Bluetooth. While convenient, such files can be riddled with malware or spyware designed to compromise your device. Only download apps from official stores like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store. Check for developer credibility, read user reviews, and examine app permissions. A flashlight app, for instance, has no business requesting access to your contacts or messages.
